Derivational English Suffixes With Reference To the Jakarta Post

ISSN: 2302-920X

Jurnal Humanis, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Unud

Vol 19.1 Mei 2017: 45-51

Derivational English Suffixes With Reference To the Jakarta Post

I Kadek Dody Mahendra¹* , Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati² , I Nyoman Aryawibawa³

[123]English Department Faculty of Arts – Udayana University

¹ [[email protected]] ² [[email protected]] ³[[email protected]]

*Corresponding Author

Abstrak

Artikel ini berjudul "Derivasional Inggris akhiran dengan referensi The Jakarta Post". Penelitian ini membahas proses pembentukan kata bahasa Inggris secara morfologi. Masalah dari Penelitian ini adalah bentuk, fungsi, dan makna dari derivasional akhiran yang ditemukan di The Jakarta Post berita online. Penelitianini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk derivasional akhiran dan untuk menjelaskan fungsi dan makna dari derivasional akhiran yang ditemukan dalam sumber data.

Sumber data dari penelitian ini diambil adalah versi online dari The Jakarta Post berita yang tersedia di www.thejakartapost.com. Metode dokumentasi digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini. Data dari penelitian ini dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan dalam menganalisis data adalah teori morfologi yang diusulkan oleh Plag (2002).

Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada empat bentuk akhiran derivasional, yaitu nominal akhiran, verbal akhiran, akhiran adjectival, dan akhiran adverbial. Fungsi derivasional akhiran dapat dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu menjaga kelas akhiran dan mengubah kelas akhiran. Akhiran yang ditemukan dalam sumber data memiliki arti masing – masing.

Kata kunci: Morfologi, Akhiran, Derivasional

• 1.    Background of the Study

Morphology is defined as the branch of linguistics that deals with word forms, their internal structure, components of grammar that include word formation and how words are formed. Morphology can be divided into inflectional morphology and derivational morphology. Derivation is the morphological process in which a derivational affix is attached to a base form to create a new word. The topic of derivational suffix is chosen because it is frequently used in written text. It is hard to comprehend the English sentence correctly without understanding the process of word

formation especially the process of suffixation which can change the class and meaning of the words. The Jakarta Post is very interesting to go in certain direction to find many English derivational suffixes. Thus, this study was conducted in order to identify the forms of derivational suffixes and explain the function and meaning of derivational suffixes.

• 2.    Problems of the Study

This study is concerned withthe following problems:

• 1.    What forms of derivational suffixes are used in The Jakarta Post?

• 2.    What are the functions and meanings of derivational suffixes presented in The Jakarta Post?

• 3.    Aims of the Study

Based on the problems formulated above, this study is aimed at:

• 1.    Identifying the forms of derivational suffixes used in The Jakarta Post.

• 2.    Explaining the functions and meanings of derivational suffixes used in The Jakarta Post.

• 4.    Research Method

The data source of this study was taken from the online version of The Jakarta Post’s news that is available at www.thejakartapost.com. The data in this study were collected using the documentation method. The data of this study were analyzed using the qualitative method which means that the information gathered is not in numerical form. The data that were taken from the news were analyzed based on the form of derivational suffixes by applying the theory of morphology proposed by Plag (2002). Then, the analysis was continued by explaining the function and meaning of derivational suffixes using the same theory.

• 5.    Findings and Discussions

The findings can be seen from the forms of derivational suffixes, function and meaning of derivational suffixes.

• 5.1.    Nominal Suffix
  
  a.    Suffix –age

This suffix derives nouns from verb or noun and is often monosyllabic. The following is one representation of the formation of new word by the suffix –age found indata source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Wreckage (N)	Wreck (V)	-age	Wreck (V) + -age → Wreckage (N)	Class Changing (V → N)	Result of X

• b.    Suffix –ance

This suffix is attached to a verb as the base form and has function to form noun. The following is one representation of the formation of new word by the suffix –ance found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Performance (N)	Perform (V)	-ance	Perform (V) + -ance → Performance (N)	Class Changing (V → N)	The action of X

• c.    Suffix –ant

Suffix –ant is attached to a verb and produce noun especially personal or impersonal noun. The following is one representation of the formation of the new word formed using the suffix –ant found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Attendant (N)	Attend (V)	-ant	Attend (V) + -ant → Attendant (N)	Class Changing (V → N)	A person or thing that X

d. Suffix –er

The suffix –er is attached to verb (mainly dynamic) as the base form. It then changes the base form into nouns (mainly personal). The following is one representation of the formation of new word formed using the suffix –er found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Speaker ( N )	Speak (V)	-er	Speak (V) + -er → Speaker (N)	Class Changing (V → N)	A person

• 5.2.    Verbal Suffix
  
  a.    Suffix –en

The suffix –en is mainly attached to the base form to form verb. The following is one representation of the formation of new word using the suffix –en found in data

source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Strengthen (V)	Strength (N)	-en	Strength (N) + -en → Strengthen (V)	Class Changing (N → V)	Make (more) X.

• b.    Suffix –ify

Suffix –ify can be attached to both an adjective and noun in order to form a verb. The following is one representation of the formation of new word using the suffix – ify found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Purify (V)	Pure (Adj)	-ify	Pure (Adj) + -ify → Purify (V)	Class Changing (Adj → V)	Make into X.

• c.    Suffix –ize

The other verb using the suffix –ize also derives verbs from either adjectives or nouns. The following is one representation of the formation of new word using the suffix –ize found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Realize (V)	Real (Adj)	-ize	Real (Adj) + -ize → Realize (V)	Class Changing (Adj → V)	Make into X

• 5.3.    Adjectival Suffix
  
  a.    Suffix –able

The suffix –able derives adjectives from verbs. The suffix chiefly combines with transitive and intransitive verbal bases. The following is one representation of the

formation of new word using the suffix –able found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Communicable (Adj)	Communicate (V)	-able	Communicate (V) + -able → Communicable (Adj)	Class Changing (V → Adj)	worthy to be X-ed

• b.    Suffix –less

The suffix –less is often used to convey the negative or opposite of words ending in –ful, as in careful > careless. The following is one representation of the formation

of new word using the suffix –less found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Speechless (Adj)	Speech (N)	-less	Speech (N) + -less → Speechless (Adj)	Class Changing (N → Adj)	Without

• c.    Suffix –ous

The suffix –ous has a function to form adjective. The bases are commonly nouns but sometimes the base can be verb. The following is one representation of the

formation of new word using the suffix –ous found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Dangerous (Adj)	Danger (N)	-ous	Danger (N) + -ous → Dangerous (Adj)	Class Changing (N → Adj)	Having the nature or quality of X

• d.    Suffix –ful

The suffix –ful is commonly added to a noun in order to form adjectives. The following is one representation of the formation of new word using the suffix –ful

found in data source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Successful (Adj)	Success (N)	-ful	Success (N) + -ful → Successful (Adj)	Class Changing (N → Adj)	having X, being characterized by X

• e.    Suffix –ive

The suffix –ive takes verbs as its base to form adjectives. The following is one representation of the formation of new word using the suffix –ive found in data

source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Adoptive (Adj)	Adopt (V)	-ive	Adopt (V) + -ive → Adoptive (Adj)	Class Changing (V → Adj)	Tending to X

• 5.4.    Adverbial Suffix
  
  a. Suffix –ly

This suffix derives adverb from nouns and adjectives. The following is one representation of the formation of new word using the suffix –ly found in data

source:

Word Form	Base	Suffix	Process	Function of Suffix	Meaning of Suffix
Warmly (Adv)	Warm (Adj)	-ly	Warm (Adj) + -ly → Warmly (Adv)	Class Changing (Adj → Adv)	In a....manner

• 6.    Conclusion

Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that there are four forms of derivational suffixes found in the data source www.thejakartapost.com. They are nominal suffix, verbal suffix, adjectival suffix, and adverbial suffix. The function of derivational suffix can be divided into two; they are class-maintaining suffix and classchanging suffix.

Class-maintaining suffix can be sub-divided into two namely noun from noun and adjective from adjective. Class-changing suffix can be sub-divided into noun from adjective, noun from verb, verb from other word class, adjective from noun, adjective from verb and adverb from other word class. Suffixes found in the data source have their own meaning, for example the activity or result of, the status or position of, make (more) X, connected with, make a person, in a….manner, etc.

• 7.    Bibliography

Tanjung, JeniPaska Sari. 2015. Morphological Process of Derivational Noun in Mahligai Magazine (Skripsi). Denpasar: Udayana University.

Indrapranata, I KadekNurcahyadi. 2015. Derivational Suffix in English with Special Reference to Academic Discourse on Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) (Skripsi). Denpasar: Udayana University.

Sari, Devita. 2009. The Derivational Suffix with Special Reference to Hemingway’s The Old Man the Sea (Skripsi). Denpasar: Udayana University.

Fajrina, Hanum. 2014. A Morphological Analysis of Derivational Suffix in Obama Speech (online serial). Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Available                                                                 from:

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