Figurative Languange In William Wordsworth’s Poem “She Was A Phantom Of Delight”
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ISSN: 2302-920X
Jurnal Humanis, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Unud
Vol 16.3 September 2016: 30 - 36
Figurative Languange In William Wordsworth’s Poem “She Was A Phantom Of Delight”
Endah Agustini1*, Wayan Resen2, Putra Yadnya3
123English Department, Faculty Of Letters And Culture Udayana University
1[[email protected]] 2[[email protected]]
3
*
Corresponding Author
Abstract
tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah unutuk mengidentifikasi jenis bahasa kiasan dan menentukan makna penggunaan bahasa kiasan dalam puisi tersebut. Data puisi ini, terdiri dari tiga bait, setiap bait ada 10 baris. Dalam peneliti ada satu teori yang di aplikasikan unutk menjawab dua pokok permasalahan. Adapun teori yang dimaksud yaitu: simile, metafora, personifikasi, synecdoche, metonimi, hiperbola, ironi, paradoks, metafora mati, yang diambil dalam buku Interpreting Sastra oleh Knickerbocker dan Reninger ( 1963-367). Selain itu, teori Leech ini mencangkup tujuh jenis makna yang digunakan untuk membenarkan arti dari bahsa kiasan. Ada lima jenis bahsa kiasan yang ditemukan dalam puisi yaitu smile, metafora, personikasi, hiperbola, dan kiasan. Di antara bahasa-bahsa kiasan, hiperbola, simile dan personifikasi lebih dominan muncul dalam puisi. Sementara itu, jenis bahasa kiasan yang tidak ditemukan dalam puisi adalh synecdoche, metonimi, ironi, paradoks dan metafora mati. Puisi ini adalah cinta kebahagiaan dan deskripsikan sebagai makhluk yang indah.
Kata kunci: bahasa kiasan dan makna kiasan
The history of literature is part of the development of civilization.
Through literature we are able to uncover new information about historycontinuously. For example, lyric poetry (as opposed to epic poetry) was often the specialty of courts and aristocracy in which the author narrates his emotions and feelings describing the social life of his time in form of poem. One of the most notable and oldpoetries where we can analyze this is the Shijing or Book of Songs
The poetry can be defined as emotions transformed into thoughts and expressed in words. According to Knickerbockers and Reninger (1963:307), poetry is the hymns of praise, and the essays on the nature of poetry would cram selves of any modest public library and overflow onto the floors, as well good
talk about poetry is nevertheless rare, and even the best of it will rest lightly on fallow ground until we ourselves have learned how to penetrate the inner life of a few poems.
There are a lot of things that can be discussed in a poem, the writing analysis concentrates only on the analysis of the figurative language used in the poem. Figurative language is defined as a certain literary device which is commonly applied by the author to gain strength and freshness of their literary works expression. Figurative language is also called metaphor language or simply metaphor because its Greek ancestor “metaphoric” means to carry meaning beyond its literary meaning.
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1. What types of figurative language are found in William Wordswroth’s poem “She Was a Phantom of Delight”?
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2. What are the meanings represented by the use of figurative language in the poem “She Was a Phantom of Delight”?
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3. Aims
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1. To identify the types of figurative language in William Wordswroth’s poem.
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2. To analyze the types of meaning of the figurative words employed in the poem “She Was a Phantom of Delight”.
The research method is the procedure applied in the research of understanding objects that become the target of subject. It plays an important role in providing the necessary guidance. This research method consists of data source, technique of collecting data and analyzing the data.
Data source is the source of information to be used for this research taken from “She Was a Phantom of Delight” poem. It is considered by many to be the crowning achievement of English romanticism. This study is a qualitative research where all the data was collected directly from the source and given the descriptive analysis and explanation.
In analyzing the data, the collected data were analyzed descriptively according to the theory of literature being adopted. The steps of collecting data in this writing were follows:
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a. The data was collected through reading intensively and accurately with the focus on the figurative languages in the poem.
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b. All of the figurative languages found in the novel were written down in order to make the identification process easier.
After collecting the data, it was continued with the method and technique of analyzing the data. I follow this step in analyzing the data.
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a. The collected data wasclassified according to type, whether a simile, metaphor, personification, synecdoche, metonymy, hyperbole, irony, paradox, dead metaphor, and allusion.
The data was analyzed by describing the way how the meanings and also the concepts
Form through interrelationship between components of the poem, putting figurative language at the focus.
5. Result and Discussion
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SHE WAS A PHANTOM OF DELIGHT (By: William Wordsworth) | |
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Stanza 1: |
She was a phantom of delight When first she gleamed upon my sight A lovely apparition, sent To be a moment’s ornament Her eyes as stars of twilight fair Like twilight’s, too, her dusky hair But all things else about her drawn From May-time and the cheerful dawn A dancing Shape, an image gay |
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Stanza 2: |
To haunt, to startle, and way-lay I saw her upon a nearer view A spirit, yet a woman too! Her household motions light and free And steps of virgin liberty A countenance in which did meet Sweet records, promises as sweet A creature not too bright or good For human nature’s daily food For transient sorrows, simple wiles, Praise, blame, love, kisses tears and smiles. |
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Stanza 3: |
And now I see with eye serene The very pulse of the machine A being breathing thoughtful breath A traveler between life and death The reason firm, the temperate will Endurance, foresight, strength, and skill A perfect woman, nobly planned To warm, to comfort, and bright And yet a spirit still and bright With something of angelic light |
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1. Simile
(*) Her eyes as stars of twilight fair (line 5, stanza 1)
(*) Like twilight’s, too, her dusky hair (line 6, stanza 1)
The figures in these lines have the function to explain how the poet praises his wife and how he feels lucky to meet a woman who has beautiful eyes like stars in the evening. Light of stars is really bright and beautiful. Also her dusky hair was beautiful like twilight too. That phrase refers to his wife’s a beautiful hair with color as that of an angel.
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2. Metaphor
(*) She was phantom of delight
(line 1, stanza 1)
(*) A lovely apparition, sent
(line 3, stanza 1)
(*) The very pulse of the machine
(line 2, stanza 3)
(*) A traveler between life and death
(line 4, stanza 3)
The poet comparison beats or rattles like machine. And the last “a traveler between life and death” the similarity of life and death, is not in terms of shaping, but in terms of the meaning. Life in pictures is spiritual and death in pictures is worldly things. A traveler is symbol of woman.
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3. Personification
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(*) A creature not too bright and good (line 5, stanza 2)
(*) For human nature’s daily food (line 8, stanza 2)
According to the poem, this stanza showed that William Wordsworth praises to his wife. He told about a creature not to bright and good, it’s mean that his wife was not excessively bright or good for many things which one had to face in everyday life. The word nature’s it means like human usually.
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4. Hyperbole
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(*) When first she gleamed upon my sight (line 2, stanza 1)
(*) And steps of virgin liberty (line 4, stanza 2)
in stanza 1 line 2, the word ‘gleamed’, considered as hyperbole because the line in the poem ‘when first she gleamed upon my sight’ is an exaggeration: she is so beautiful and pretty that she seems to gleam. The poet has special feelings when he meets his wife the first time. He was impressed and marveled. That is base thought.
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5. Allusion
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(*) From May-time and the cheerful dawn (line 8, stanza 1)
The poet uses May-time as a symbol of woman beauty. It means natural beauty like spring seasons, where the birth of plant, takes place.
The meaning of figurative in the poem there are two types:
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1. Conceptual meaning
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2. Connotative meaning
Figurative language is a kind of language which departs from language employees in the traditional literal ways of describing person or object. The poem of William Wordsworth is amazement of the poet to grandeur sensibleness, honesty, and beauty and love theme. The poet William Wordsworth uses some figures of speech that construct the theme.
There are five types of figures of speech found in “She was a Phantom of Delight” poem: Simile, metaphor, hyperbole, Personification and allusion. Among the types of figures of speech, hyperbole is the most frequent to appear in the poem by William Wordsworth. On the other hand, as against that, paradox, irony, metonymy, synecdoche and dead metaphor are not used. There are two from seven kinds of meaning found in the poem. They are Conceptual Meaning and Connotative Meaning.
8. Bibliography
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Knickerbocker. (1833) .Magazine system, (1865).
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William, Wordsworth.(1770). Available:http://www.poemsabout.com/poem/William-
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