Negative Forms in Nusa Penida Dialek

Written by Ni Made Wiriani, I Nyoman Rauh Artana
on July 24, 2018

Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, p-ISSN: 2549-6956

https://doi.org/10.24843/UJoSSH.2017.v01.i02.p08

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Negative Forms In Nusa PenidaDialek

Ni Made Wiriani, I NyomanRauhArtana

Japanese Literature Department, Faculty of Arts, Udayana University Denpasar, Indonesia

Email: nimadew@yahoo.com

Abstract This research entitled Negation In Balinese Language Dialects Nusa Penida. This study aims to describe the expression of negation in the dialect of Nusa Penida. The Balinese dialect of Nusa Penida has its own distinctive features when compared with the Balinese language in general. Limitations to be achieved in this study is the determination of negation in the dialect of Nusa Penida. This review provides information about the negatives in Balinese dialect of Nusa Penida. The research method used is a descriptive method and interview technique. (Mahsun, 2005). The conclusion of this research is that the form of negation in the dialect of Bali Nusa Penida language is expressed lexically namely ndek, tare, bohung, au nah, and tare enden. While ndek and tare both have the meaning of 'no'. Both can also replace each other in the construction of certain sentences such as sentence prohibitions and sentences that states never. The word bohung has inherent meaning 'not so'. This word can not be removed, and cannot be replaced. The word au nah has two meanings 'no tau (pasti)' dan 'tidak tau (ragu)'. While tare enden has the meaning of 'not yet'.

Keywords: Negation, Nusa Penida Dialect, Semantics

I. INTRODUCTION

All languages of the world have a word or phrase of negation. The words or expression of the negation can be both lexical and morphological. This study examines the negation in Balinese dialect of Nusa Penida. This study aims to describe the expression of negation in the Balinese dialect of Nusa Penida. The object of study to be studied, the dialect of languages in the District of Nusa Penida. The Balinese dialect of Nusa Penida has its own distinctive features when compared to the Balinese language in general, including words or phrases to denote negation or denial. For example to say no or not in the language of Bali is generally sing, tusing, kosing, kesing, and so forth, but in the language of Bali dialect Nusa Penida using the word ndek, tare.

In the dialect of Nusa Penida the negation of the word sing also uses the lexical form but with a different form from the Balinese language in general, ie wearing tare. It is very unique. Therefore, it is interesting to be analyzed further. Negation can trigger multiple conversions depending on the specificity of the measured entity; Oral negative can have a broader range of more than measured subjects (breaking the structural and serial conditions) provided that negative denotes full propositional rejection (Frawley, 1992: 406).

Limitations to be achieved in this research is the determination of the constituent negation in the language of Nusa Penida. This review provides information on the negation and the process in the Balinese dialect of Nusa Penida.

II. RESEARCH METHODS

The source of this research data is the source of both oral and written. the method used in this stage is the method of observation by interview and record techniques. In this sort of data is used identification technique, that is by paying attention to distribution, function, and meaning of constituent negation in every grammatical level. Stages of analysis used the descriptive method with interview technique (Mahsun, 2005).

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Negative forms/constituents in the Nusa Penida dialect.

Denial or negation is a process or construction that expresses contention of the meaning of a sentence. In the dialect of Nusa Penida the negative sentence or sentence has the concept and basis of determination and uniqueness. There are five negation markers namely ndek, tare, bohung,

au nah and tare enden. The constituent disbursement in Nusa Penida dialect exists in the form of a single word which has a negative/disbeliever meaning, and there is also an unground meaning consisting of two words. The use of these words can be seen in the following sentence.

Ide ke peken

Ide tare ke peken.

‘Kamu tidak ke pasar.’

Kale ade baang de pis.

Kale ndek ade baang de pis

‘Saya tidak ada diberi uang olehmu.’

Ide moleh kenuse.

Bohung ide moleh ke nuse.

‘Tidak jadi kamu pulang ke Nuse.’

Jape nonge ye.

Au nah, jape nonge ye.

‘Entahlah/tidak tau, di mana dia sekarang.’

Kali jani ide medaran

Kali jani ide tare enden medaran.

‘Sudah jam segini kamu belum juga makan.’

The forms of ndek, tare, bohung, au nah, and tare enden are the disjunctive forms of positive sentences. The presence of such a word can deny the whole sentence in the above example.

3.2 Distribution and the function and meaning of the constituency of the dialect of Nusa Penida

The denial is generally done by using a constituent pointer denial known as the negator. Determination of the negative form is closely related to the form of an affirmative or positive sentence. The negative constituents in the sentence will affect the meaning of the sentence. It also affects the structure of the sentence that is attached to the negation element. The denial or denial is a derived sentence formed from the core sentence by using the negating element (negative) in the verbal phrase.

Ndek

The word ndek has the meaning of 'no'. More firmly spoken. Usually used without any explanation of the reasons that accompany. The word ndek can be used in complete declarative clauses such as,

Kale ade baang de pis

Kale ndek ade baang de pis.

‘Saya tidak ada diberi uang olehmu.’

In addition to the complete answer, the use of the word ndek in the above example lies in the position after the

subject. The use of the word ndek can also not be in full sentence. Especially in the interrogative clauses like the example below.

A:”Ede payu keme….?”

“Kamu jadi kesana?

B: “Ndek” (tidak)

In a conversation event that each knows or knows the speaker and the other person answers a question can be a short answer.

Tare

The use of the word tare is found in the declarative, interrogative, adjective and indeterminate clauses. Example,

Ye ngehang le biu.

Ye tare ngehang le biu.

‘Dia tidak memberi aku yang.’

Nyen melahib?

Nyen tare melahib?

‘Siapa yang tidak berlari.?’

Ape ane anyar?.

Ape ane tare anyar?.

Bukun le akikit.

Bukun le tare akikit.

The word denies 'tare' means refusing the impression is more subtle and there is the reason to refuse.

“Ngidih nasi malu keme”

“Makan dulu sana”

“Tare nah…kola sube medaar”

“Nggak ah…saya sudah makan”

In the sentence, prohibition word ndek and tare can be used both or replace each other. Example

Tare/ndek maang ye keme.

“Jangan ijinkan dia kesana”

In the phrase that states 'never' ndek and tare also can replace each other. Example,

Kola ndek/tare taen melali keme.

“Saya tidak pernah main kesana”

Bohung

Boho is used to break the declarative sentence. The word bohung means 'not so' in doing something.

A: Kole bohung melali ke Tanglad. “Saya tidak jadi main ke Tanglad.”
B: Ede bohung mebakti ke merajan?.

“ Kamu tidak jadi sembahyang ke merajan?”

Au Nah

Kata au nah can mean 'do not know' or show a doubt. Example,

A: Kadek japa ye uli tuni tare teke.? “Kadek mana dia, daritadi belum datang?”
B: au nah (tak tau)

Answer in the above sentence states 'doubt'. The use of the word ingkar au nah depends on the context of the situation of a conversation.

5. Tare Enden

The word tare enden or abbreviated treenden is a form of unground which consists of two words namely, tare 'not' and enden 'not'. The use of this word only states something that has not been done yet.

Ide medaran

Ide tare enden medaran.

‘Kamu belum makan.’

IV. CONCLUSION

The conclusion of this research is that the form of negation in the dialect of Bali Nusa Penida language is expressed lexically namely ndek, tare, bohung, au nah, and tare enden. While ndek and tare both have the meaning of 'no'. Both can also replace each other in the construction of certain sentences such as sentence prohibitions and sentences that states never. The word bohung has inherent meaning 'not so'. This word cannot be replaced. The word au nah has two meanings 'no tau (pasti)' dan 'tidak tau (ragu)'. While tare enden has the meaning of 'not yet'. Based on the data examples it appears that the word ndek is used in limited to declarative sentences. Position in sentence after subject, but in a sentence expressing existence can be at the beginning of a sentence. Tare is used in declarative, interrogative, adjective and sentence expressions that denote an indeterminate amount. Bohung is used in declarative and interrogative sentences. Au nah used in the interrogative sentence only. While tare enden used in declarative and interrogative sentences.

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