ISSN: 2302-920X

Jurnal Humanis, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Unud

Vol 16.2 Agustus 2016: 31-36

GRAMMATICAL ADJUSTMENT IN NOVEL KALEIDOSCOPE

BY

I Gusti Agung Ngurah Marhaendra Dhiptayana1*, I Made Winaya2, I Nyoman Tri Ediwan3

[123]English Department Faculty of Letters and Culture Udayana University

1[mahendra13dhiptayana@gmail.com] 2[made_winaya@yahoo.com]

3[tri_ediwan@hotmail.com]

*

Corresponding Author

ABSTRACT

The title of this paper is “Grammatical Adjustment in Novel Kaleidoscope”. In this paper I try to analyze and discuss the adjustment of grammar in the translation taken from novel Kaleidoscope by Daniele Steel. In analyzing the grammatical adjustment in translation, I applied the theory of Mildered L.Larson in her book entitled Meaning Based Translation as my main theory. I also applied the theory of Catford, in his book entitled A linguistic Theory of translation and supported by other theories that are considered relevant to the topic of discussion. The data of this paper is taken from English novel Kaleidoscope by Daniele Steel and its translation by Therss Susilastuti with the same title. Based on the result of the research and analysis it is found that the grammatical adjustment can be classified into six namely : adjustment from clause into phrase, adjustment from pronoun into noun, adjustment from adjective into noun, adjustment from active into passive, adjustment from passive into active and sentence structure adjustment in translation.

Key word : Grammatical, Adjustment

  • 1.    Background

In this era, language plays as important role, either is written or spoken forms. Language is also used to convey ideas, thoughts, experiences and others that speaker of writer has in their mind.

English language is considered to be an international language which is used by the people all over the world and Indonesia too. But to understand English well needs a lot of time and it is not an easy task.

There are many kind of sciences written in English or maybe in another foreign language. Of course it is difficult to understand. We need to translate the text into Indonesian so we can find the meaning of the text easily.

Translation is transfer of meaning from one form of language to the other language. Translation is not an easy task. The translator must keep the meaning of the source language text in the form of target language or receptor language, so translation is not an easy thing to do.

The meaning must constantly be carried out in the target language and the form can be adopted. We have seen that each language has its own distinctive form for representing the meaning. Therefore in translation the same meaning has to be expressed in another language.

Translation has often been defined with reference to meaning, a translation is said to have the same meaning as original or the source language. Its mean that the translator translates a word of source language and then uses the receptor language form in natural way in order to reproduce or express the same meaning as intended by the source language.

But sometimes discovering the meaning with a natural way in the target language is a problem because one word of source language can be used to represent several alternative meaning and so it depends on the context. Once again, the meaning must have the secondary meaning as long as the meaning conforms with the context. We can say that meaning is one important thing in translation.

Very often that a single word in the source language will need to be translated by several words. This principal is not limited to lexical items that it is also true that the same grammatical pattern may express several quite different meanings. For example, the English possessive phrase my housemay mean the house I own, the house I rent, the house I live in, the house I built, or the house for which I drew up the plants (Larson, 1984:7-8)

  • 2.    Problems of the study

Based on the background above, the problems of this study are:

  • a)    What kind of adjustment are found in novel Kaleidoscope ?

  • b)    What makes the adjustment in novel Kaleidoscope ?

  • 3.    Aims of the study

Related to the problems of the study, the aims of this study are too find the grammatical adjustment in novel Kaleidoscope and to understand and solve the problem of translation in detail especially the problem in grammatical adjustment in novel Kaleidoscope.

  • 4.    Research method

There are three points containing in research method such as:data source; the second,the method and technique of collecting data; the third,the method and technique of analyzing data. They are described as follows:

  • 4.1.    Data source

The main data were taken directly form an English novel entitled Kaleidoscope by Danielle Steel. This novel was published by Dell Publishing in Canada 1989. Then it was translated into bahasa Indonesia by Thress Susilastuti entitled Kaleidoscope too published by PT Gramedia Utama 1977.

  • 4.2. Method and Technique of Collecting Data

This study used documentation method to collect the data. First, the novel was read carefully and then identified the sentences which support the analysis.

  • 4.3. Method and Technique of Analyzing Data

In analyzing the data, it wasused qualitative method. First, analyze the data grammatical adjustment according to Larson`s theory (1998) and analyze

the change form of the text when it translate. Finally, divide it into grammatical adjustment from clause into phrase, adjustment from pronoun into noun, adjustment from adjective into noun, adjustment from active into passive, adjustment from passive into active and sentence structure adjustment in translation.

  • 5.    Analysis of Grammatical Adjustment In Novel Kaleidoscope

    5.1. Grammatical Adjustment From Clause Into Phrase

  • 1.    SL : I don’t care, you’re the best. I want you. (page 75)

TL : Tidak peduli, kau yang terbaik. Aku mau kau. (page 99)

Analysis:

In example 1 the sentence I don’t care is a clause in the source language text. This sentence is translated into tidak peduli in target language text. As we can see tidak peduli is a phrase. But it doesn’t change the meaning of the sentence, although the subject (I) was not translated in the target language text.

  • 2.    SL : I don’t want anyone else. I want you. (page 75)

TL : Tidak mau orang lain. Aku mau kau. (page 99)

Analysis:

In example 2 there is a clause I don’t want in the source language text. This clause is translated into a phrase tidak mau in the target language text. The subject (I) is not translated but the readers understand the meaning of this sentence.

  • 5.2. Grammatical Adjustment From Pronoun Into Noun

  • 1.    SL : Have you lost someone in the war ?

He hated to ask……. your husband? (page 32)

TL : Anda kehilangan seseorang dalam perang ?

Sam tidak suka harus menanyakan…… suami anda ? (page 47)

Analysis:

In example 1 there is a sentence in the source language text He hated to ask. He is a pronoun. But He is translated into Sam in the target language text, Sam is a profer noun. The translator changes He by Sam because she did not want the readers to be confused in reading the sentence. But the changing doesn’t produce a new meaning or message.

  • 2.    SL : She shook her head, her eyes serious (page 32)

TL : Solange menggelengkan kepalanya, sorot matanya bersungguh –

sungguh (page 48)

Analysis:

In example 2 there is word She in the source language text then She is translated into Solange in the target language text. Solange is a proper noun, by translating She into Solange the sentence in the target language is more easily understood by the readers.

  • 6.    Conclusion

Grammatical adjustment in translation means the translator change the form of the text when he translate the text. For example a pronoun in SL changed into noun in TL. We see that the form changed but the meaning produce in TL is not different from SL. The aim of grammatical adjustment in translation is to make the sentence more easily to understand by the readers.because we know that between English and Indonesia is grammatically different. We need to adjust the foem but we didn’t have to change the meaning. The meaning must be the same as the source language text.

Grammatical adjustment in translation is belong to idiomatic translation. Idiomatic translation use the natural forms of the receptor language, both in the grammatical constructions and the choice of lexical item. A truly idiomatic translation does not sound like a translation. It sounds like like it was written originally in the receptor language. Therefore, a good translator will try to translate idiomatically.

  • 7.    Bibliography

Catford, J.C.1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation, London : Oxford University Press.

Larson, Mildred 1984. Meaning Based Translation. A guide to Cross Language Equivalence. University Press of America, Inc.

Machali, R. 2000. Pedoman Bagi Penerjemah, Jakarta : PT. Grasindo.

Margono 1999. Essential of Theory and Practice of Translation. Fakultas Sastra University Press.

Nida, E.A and Chales Taber 1974. The Theory and Practice of Translation. E.J.Brill, Leiden.

Quirk, Randolph and Sidney Greenbaum. 1973. University Grammar of English.

London : Longman.

Richard N. Ady 1990. Learning About Pronouns and Adjective, WEI, Inc. 1525.

N.W. Division : Gresham, Oregon 97030, USA.

Richard N. Ady 1991. Learning About Verb, Adverbs, and Preposition, WEI, Inc. 1525. N.W. Division : Gresham, Oregon 97030, USA.

Stell, Daniele 1987. Kaleidoscope, New York : Dell Publishing.

Susilastuti, Threes 1997. Keleidoscope, Jakarta. PT. Gramedia Bandung.

Venuti, Lawrence 2000. The Translation Studies Reader. London : Routledge 11 Fetter Lane.

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