Address Terms Use In Manuscript Of the Movie “Final Destination Two”
on
ISSN: 2302-920X
Jurnal Humanis, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Unud
Vol 18.2 Pebruari 2017: 193-201
Address Terms Use In Manuscript Of the Movie “Final Destination Two”
Kadek Andriana Dersen1*, I Made Rajeg2, Sang Ayu Isnu Maharani3 [123]English Department Faculty Of Arts, Udayana University
1[[email protected]] 2[[email protected]] 3[[email protected]] *
Corresponding Author
Abstract
Penelitian ini berjudul Address Terms Use In Manuscript Of Movie “ Final Destination Two ‘’. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengklasifikasikan jenis-jenis penyebutan untuk seseorang yang di temukan di dalam film serta menjelaskan penggunaan pemanggilan tersebut pada film tersebut. Sumber data diambil dari film horror asal Amerika yang dirilis tahun 2003 yang berjudul Final Destinaton 2. Film ini disutradarai oleh David R. Ellis dan dibintangi oleh Ali Carter da A.J. Cook. Teori utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diadopsi dari teori politeness yang dikemukakkan oleh Brown and Levinson (1987). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Diawali dengan menonton film tersebut. Kemudian membaca skrip film dari Final destination 2. Setelah membaca, beberapa penggunaan pemanggilan untuk seseorang dipilih secara intensif. Setelah itu, mencatat data yang terkait. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima macam variasi penggunaan pemanggilan seseorang yang ditemukan. Sedangkan tujuan pemanggilan seseorang yang ditunjukkan melalui film ini mempunyai banyak tujuan seperti cara seseorang untuk saling perduli antara satu sama lain, untuk menunjukkan kasih saying, dan sebagaginya
Kata Kunci: Final Destination 2, Film, Bahasa Pemanggilan
Every day people use language to communicate with each other. As members of society, people have their own behavior toward language. Every language shows the social characters of the speaker or addressee. Furthermore, it shows the relation between them. Addressing term is one of the important means of communication used in society.
Types of basic rules determining the addressing terms used are social class, age, sex, profession, marital status, politeness and other related aspects. The speaker uses addressing terms to call the person who are involved in the conversation. The use of
addressing terms depends on the speaker and addressee relationship, the social status or individuals involved in the conversation, the situation and purpose of the conversation. The aim of addressing is to maintain the social relationship between speaker and addressee in society (Artika, 2008 ). One of movies that contain Address Terms is The Final Destination Two directed by David R. Ellis, which was written by Jeffrey Reddick, Eric Bress and J. Mackey Gruber.
From the background of the study, the research problems can be formulated as follows:
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1. What types of addressing terms are used in the Manuscript of the Movie “Final Destination Two”?
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2. What are the reasons of using addressing terms used in Manuscript of the Movie “Final Destination Two“?
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3. Aims of the Study
Based on the problem of study, the aims of study are:
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1. To identify the variations of addressing terms used in the manuscript of the movie “ Final Destination Two”.
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2. To find out the reasons of using addressing terms used in the manuscript of the movie “ Final Destination Two “.
In this research, Final Destination 2 by David R. Ellis is used as the data source. The film was released in 2003. It is an American Supernatural horror and as a part of the sequel from the first movie “Final Destination (2000)”. The movies contain many examples of Address Terms, So the films The Final Destination Two is relevant to the topic of the study.
The data in this study were collected using the method of documentation. The data were collected through the following steps. First, watching the movie; second, making the general review including reading the Final Destination 2 movie manuscript and observing the data. Third, classifying the data which are included in the variation of address terms.
The data were analysed qualitatively based the theory of Politeness proposed by
Brown and Levinson (1987). In this study, a contrastive analysis of address terms regarding politeness theory of Brown and Levinson (1987) was used. The movie Final Destination Two as the main source of data in the research was analyzed using the sociolinguistic approach.
This part deals with the result and discussion of the analysis of the types of addressing terms taken from Final Destination 2 movie.
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5.1. Addressing Terms Use In Movie “ Final Destination Two “
Based on the data source, the analysis shows that there are five kinds of addressing terms found in the movie “Final Destination 2”.
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5.1.1 Addressing Terms Using Name
In this type of addressing term, the speakers address the others by calling their names. Usually, the speakers use the first name, last name, nickname or family name. Example: in this conversation, Mr. Burrough as Kimberly’s Father. They are very closely related as a father and a daughter. When Kimberly will go far away from her home, Mr Burroughs is very afraid of his daughter so that he reminds of her needs such as credit cards, cell phone, AAA card, etc
Kimberly : Thanks, Dad. I'll call you
Mr. Burrough : You have everything, Kimberly ? Credit card, cell phone, AAA.
Card?
In the dialogue above, Mr Burroughs, addresses his daughter using her first name. He just called “Kimberly” without her last name.
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5.1.2 Addressing Terms Using Kinship
In this type of addressing terms, the speaker uses the kinship terms to address the others. The form of kinship terms is Title without Last Name (TLN). Example: In this conversation, When Kimberly says goodbye to go to Daytona, his father, Mr Burroughs is very worried because he will be deserted by his beloved daughter. Both of them have very close relationship because so far they only stay alone at home. Kimberly tries to make him relaxed when she would leave. And the setting is high way on ramp.
|
Kimberly |
: Thanks, dad. I'll call you. |
|
Mr. Burrough |
: You have everything, Kimberly? Credit card, cell phone, AAA card? |
|
Kimberly |
: Relax, dad. It's Daytona, not Mongolia. EXT. HIGHWAY ON RAMP – DAY (Then Kimberly's CELL PHONE RINGS. She hits the speaker button.) |
|
Mr. Burrough |
: Kimberly? It's Dad. |
|
Kimberly |
: Hey, dad. What's up? |
In the dialogues, Kimberly addresses her father by pronouncing “Dad”. “Dad” is substandard addressing terms of “Daddy” and the synonym of “Father”.
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5.1.3 Addressing Terms Using Intimacy
To call someone, people can use several ways, such as honey and sweetie. These kinds of words are used to express intimacy. These words are called addressing terms using intimacy because they fulfil its characteristics: short word which is uncommon in formal setting. If a speaker has a close relationship with the hearer, his or her words of speech can be intimate.
For example, as it is described before, Mr Burroughs and Kimberly are the father and daughter who have deep relationship. Both Kimberly and her father love each other. The conversation above is taking place while Kimberly will go to Daytona and his father is very afraid to let her go.
Kimberly : I know this is the first time we've been apart since. But
everything's gonna be okay.
Mr. Burrough : I know, honey. I just (Kimberly hugs him tighter. Cutting him off)
In the dialogue above, the word “Honey” is used by the father to his daughter as the addressee. It is used by people who have close relationship to increase intimacy and to give respect by not calling someone’s name.
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5.1.4 Addressing Terms Using Respect
In this type of addressing term, the speakers address the others using title and first name (TFN), title and last name (TLN) and sometimes just title (T) without name. Example: Shaina is one of Kimberly’s friends who will go along with her to Daytona. When she comes to Kimberly’s house, he meets Mr Burroughs who is Kimberly’s father and they have a conversation
Shaina : Just kidding, Mr. B don’t worry, I'll keep an eye on her.
Mr. Burrough : (sarcastic) Oh, that makes me feel a lot better.
Shaina addresses Kimberly’s father using the combination of title and abbreviation of name, that is, “Mr B” for “Mr Burroughs. Shaina wants to give respect to Mr Burroughs as Kimberly’s father.
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5.1.5 Addressing Terms Using Mockery
Addressing terms can be used by swearing or mocking. Terms like fool, idiot, and shit are usually employed to mock someone. Example, Frankie is one of Kimberly’s who go along with her to Daytona. On the way to Daytona, Kimberly drives her car slowly and carefully. It triggers Frankie’s anger. He thinks that she should drive quickly because they do have 1200 miles to go. Frankie asks Kimberly angrily and loudly to increase her speed. Inside Nissan Suv
Frankie : Gas it around these idiots. We do have 1200 miles to go, you know. (Kimberly
tires to enter the passing lane, but she's blocked by a suburu wagon)
In the dialogue above, Frankie also addresses Kimberly by pronouncing “idiot”. In this situation, Frankie is angry to Kimberly because she drove slowly.
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5.2. The Reasons of Using Addressing Term
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5.2.1 The Reasons of Using Addressing Term Using Name
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A. To show care
Kimberly’s Neighbourhood – Day
Kimberly : Thanks, Dad. I'll call you.
Mr. Burrough : You have everything, Kimberly? Credit card, cell phone, AAA card?
They are very closely related as a father and a daughter. When Kimberly will go far away from her home, Mr Burroughs is very afraid of his daughter so he reminds of her needs such as credit cards, cell phone, AAA card, etc. Mr Burroughs addresses Kimberly directly by calling her name. When Mr Burroughs addresses her daughter using the first name of Kimberly, it means that Mr Burroughs wants to show his attention and intimacy to her daughter.
A. To Show Politeness
In the room
Nora : You're all certifiable, you know that? I can't believe I've been listening to this
crap. Come on, Tim, let's go outside.
Tim : Jeez, Mom, stop tripping'.
Nora and Tim are a mother and a son. They are both involved as witnesses in a major accident on the highway. When they are in an interrogation in a room at the police station, Nora can‟ be calm and he keeps pacing back and forth. Tim sees his mother's attitude and feels a little distracted. Although Tim dislikes his mother’s attitude, Tim still calls her mother with the word "mom" calmly and politely. However, Nora is his mother, so Tim still shows that he gives respect to his mother when addressing her. By mentioning the word “mom”, it means that Tom wants to show a sense of decency and gives respect to his parents although he dislikes her mother’s attitude.
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5.2.3 The Reason of Using Addressing Term Using Intimacy
Ext. Kimberly’s Neighbourhood in the afternoon
Kimberly : I know this is the first time we've been apart since. But everything's
gonna be okay.
Mr. Burrough : I know, honey. I just (Kimberly hugs him tighter. Cutting him off)
As it is described before, Mr Burroughs and Kimberly are the father and daughter who have deep relationship. Both Kimberly and her father love each other. The conversation above is taking place while Kimberly will go to Daytona and his father is very afraid of letting her go. Seen from the circumstances occuring at that time, the word “Honey” uttered by Mr Burroughs to Kimberly is intended to show his affection and intimacy between a father and his daughter.
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B. To Warm Someone
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5.2.4 The Reason of Using Addressing Term Using Respect
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A. To Show Politeness
On Highway on ramp in the afternoon.
Kimberly : (Incoherent, through tears) There's going to be a pile up. Logs. Bodies
everywhere. I saw it happen. It happened. (Thomas looks to the guys in back who shrug, "we don't know her.")
Thomas : Miss, please step out of the vehicle.
On the way to Daytona, Kimberly has a bad premonition that a huge accident will happen in that highway. Kimberly is confused and afraid. To avoid that accident, Kimberly pulls her car forward, turning it sideways to block all the traffic. The action of Kimberly causes a traffic jam, so a police officer, Thomas Burke, exits from his car and approaches Kimberly’s car.
Thomas and Kimberly have never met before; in other words, they are strangers. When Thomas asks Kimberly to step out of the vehicle, he addresses Kimberly politely by mentioning the word “miss”. It means that Thomas want to show his politeness to a person who he has just met.
Inside Nissan SUV
Frankie : Gas it around these idiots. We do have 1200 miles to go, you know. Kimberly
tires to enter the passing lane, but she's blocked by a suburu wagon.
Frankie is one of Kimberly’s who goes along with her to Daytona. On the way to Daytona, Kimberly drives her car slowly and carefully. It triggers Frankie’s anger. He thinks that she should drive quickly because they do have 1200 miles to go. Frankie asks Kimberly angrily and
loudly to increase her speed. By using the word “idiot” to address Kimberly, it means that Frankie wants to show her anger to Kimberly.
Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that there are five Variations of addressing terms used in the manuscript of the movie “ Final Destination Two ” ; they are addressing terms using name, using kinship, intimacy, respect and also mockery. There are some reasons of employing addressing terms used in the manuscript of the movie “ Final Destination Two. They are to show intimacy, care, empathy, worry, power/authority, politeness, calming someone, warning someone, and showing anger/dislike.
Brown P, Levinson SC, 1987. Politeness Some universal in language usage.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Publications.
Hymes, Theory.1972 “ The Background of respondent Book”
Wardaugh, Ronald. 2000. An Introduction to Sociolinguistic. Oxford: Blackwell.
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