THE KINDS AND FUNCTIONS OF ADJECTIVE

IN THE NOVEL HARRY POTTER AND

THE GOBLET OF FIRE

By

Ni Putu Sri Dewi Ratnasari

Jurusan Sastra Inggris Fakultas Sastra Universitas Udayana

ABSTRAK

Dalam studi ini novel karangan novelis J. K Rowling yang berjudul Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire atau dalam buku terjemahannya Harry Potter dan Piala Api ini dipilih untuk dianalisis. Tokoh dalam novel ini yaitu Harry potter seorang penyihircilikyang berpetualang di sekolah sihir bernama Hogwatrs. Metode menganalisis data dalam studi ini adalah deskiptis. Data yang bersumber dari novel ini dianalisis berdasarkan teori dari Thomas, A. J and A. V Martinet (1986) menjelaskan tentang enam jenis kata sifat dan Quirk, Randolf dan Sidney Greenbaum (1973) menjelaskan tentang fungsi dari kata sifat. Di dalam novel ini sangat banyak ditemukan jenis kata sifat dan fungsi kata sifat. Dengan di lakukan studi ini diharap berguna bagi yang ingin mempelajari lebih dalam tentang jenis kata sifat dan fungsinya.

Kata Kunci : Kata Sifat, Kata Benda, Fungsi

  • 1.    Background of the Study

Language as a means of communication plays an important role in human life. Everyday, in social interaction in the society, people often utter or produce many words to convey our mind to others. We do this by firstly ordering the words into the well- structured units before we utter the expression in order to have a clear

meaning and to make it easier for the listener to interpret what they have said. It is clear that in communication or in our daily conversation, they can not ignore the role of grammar, situation, and the audience.

The role of organizing the message into well structured units can help the listener understand and catch the information conveyed well. The organization of the message in the forms of the good structure influence the process of communication. So the message can be well caught by the addresses, if it is well.

Now days English has an important role in our society. It is widely used as a means of communication in the world as an international language. English language itself consists of sentences used by humans to communicate each other. Sentences are composed of words to express statements. Words are single units of language which mean something and can be spoken or written.

Sentence can be called a grammatical sentence, when the combination of the string of the word is permitted by the syntactical rules. Syntax refers to the structure of phrases or sentences. The largest unit of language is sentence which consists of words that are combined into phrases or clause. The words of a sentence can be analyzed into word classes; they are noun, verb, adjective, adverb, etc. Classes of words are also known as parts of speech. One classes of words that plays an important role in the sentence is Adjective.

Adjective is a word that describes a person or thing, for example, big, red and clever, in a big house, red wine and a clever idea (Oxford, 2006:16). A word can be an adjective if the word has characteristics as a formal adjective that can have a function as attributive in phrase, and as predicative in clause structure and it is also used with intensifier like very, too, rather and can be used in level of comparison. If the four characteristics have been owned by a word, it can be said that it is an adjective.

Adjective has subsystem which is very wide which also has certain characteristics like other word classes. Adjective is used to modify noun or commonly used to give more explanation about noun. The reason why this topic was chosen is because adjective has characteristics which distinguishes it from other word classes like describing thing and giving information about something

and somebody. And because it also has many variations; therefore, it is very important to observe the functions and its kinds.

  • 2.    Problems of the Study

Two problems are discussed in this writing as follows:

  • 1.    What are the kinds of adjectives found in Rowling's fiction Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire?

  • 2.    What are the functions of adjectives found in her fiction Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire?

  • 3.    Aims of the Study

There are two aims of the writing:

  • 1.    To identify the kinds of adjectives used in Rowling's Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire?

  • 2.    To analyze the functions of adjective used in her novel Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire?

  • 4.    Research Method

Methodology is a systematic way to examine the object in accordance with the research procedure. The research method applied in this writing is library research. Research method includes data source, method and technique of collecting data, and method and technique of analyzing data.

  • 4.1    Data Source

Data source is the first element in methodology. It deals with the source from which the data are taken. The data were obtained in order to support the validity of the study. The data of this writing were classified as primary data which were taken from the novel entitled Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire written by J.K Rowling.

J.K. Rowling is the creator and author of the popular Harry Potter series. With seven official books published, the Harry Potter series has became popular with both children and adults. Since the conception and publication of the first Harry

Potter fiction, J.K. Rowling has risen to fame through her books and the movies based on the series. As a result of her fame and wealth, Rowling has also become a philanthropist, she donates money to various charities, including ones that promote literacy and help children.

The novel is chosen because it contains the required data needed in doing the research, besides the stories are really interesting to both children and adults in the world. Harry Potter novels began winning all kinds of awards including the Negtle Smarties Book Prize, the British Book Award, and even the Children's Book Award.

  • 4.2    Method and Technique of Collecting Data

The method of collecting data applied in this writing is observation method by reading the novel and some of books whish are related to the topic.

There are three steps of collecting data in this writing:

  • 1.    The first step the novel is read carefully and intensively understand the content.

  • 2.    The sentences which contain adjectives were found.

  • 3.    The data were noted and classified based on the categories.

  • 4.3    Method and Technique of Analyzing Data

The collected data were analyzed descriptively based on the theory in the theoretical framework. The analysis was focused on the kinds and functions of adjectives. The process of analyzing the data started by:

  • 1.    Checking the note taking of the kinds and functions of adjectives

  • 2.    The sentences which contain adjective were classified according to the kinds and functions of adjective. And then they were analyzed using the descriptive method in which the selected data would be presented and explained based on the theories mentioned in the theoretical framework.

  • 5.    Analysis

The study tried to analyze and discuss the kinds and functions of adjectives that were taken from the novel entitle Harry Potter and the goblet of fire. This was

carried out through reading the novel and quoting the sentences which are related to the topic. After the required data were collected, they were arranged according to their kinds and functions of adjectives. Then, the collected data were descriptively analyzed.

The theory in this analysis is taken from the book proposed by Thomson, A.J and A.V Martinet (1986) which explains the six kinds of adjectives and Quirk, randolf and Sidney Greenbaum (1973) their explains about the functions of adjectives. The analysis showed that there are many kinds and functions of adjectives found in the novel harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire; they are quantitative adjective which is an adjective which refers to an amount of things or persons such as many, few, little, much, some, numeral. Demonstrative adjective is an adjective that refers to noun like this, these, that, those. Possessive adjective is an adjective that is used to express the possession of thing or person such as my, your, their, his, her, its. Interrogative adjective is an adjective that is used to express a question about thing or person, such as which, what, whose. Distributive adjective is an adjective that refers to a number of people or things, such as each, every, either, and neither. Adjective of quality is an adjective that explains about the characteristic of noun such as white, small, young, and pretty. The adjective can be classified as adjective functioning as attributive, predicative, head of noun phrase and can function as exclamatory in adjective sentence.

At least, there are many kinds and function of adjective found in this novel. It is hoped that it can give a comprehension and well understanding to those who are interested in this topic.

  • 6.    Conclusion

Adjective is one of word classes in English and it is used to describe a person or thing and give information about something more detail. Adjective is used to modify noun or commonly used to give more explanation about noun and on the other hand adjective is used to point out noun.

A word can be started as an adjective if it has the characteristics as a formal adjective that can function as attributive in phrase, and as predicative in clause

structure and it is also used with intensifier like very, too, rather, etc and can be used in level of comparison.

There are six kinds of adjective which occur on the novel entitled Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire; they are quantitative adjective which is an adjective that refers to an amount of things or person such as many, few, little, much, some, numeral., demonstrative adjective which is an adjective is an adjective that refers to noun like this, these, that, those., possessive adjective which is an adjective that is used to express the possession of thing or person such as my, your, their, his, her, its, etc., interrogative adjective which is an adjective that is used to express a question about thing or person, such as which, what, whose., distributive adjective is an adjective that refers to a number of people or things, such as each, every, either and neither, and adjective of quality is an adjective that explains about the characteristics of noun such as white, small, young, and pretty.

In the sentence, adjective has many functions; adjective can be function as attributive, adjective can function as predicative in terms as subject complement and object complement, adjective can function as head of noun phrase and can be function as exclamatory adjective sentence.

  • 7.    Bibliography

Allen, W. Stannard. 1968. Living English Structure. Fourth Edition. Longmans : PT.Dian Rakjat.

Djauhari, Imam D. 1985. Mastery on English Grammar. Surabaya: Indah.

Hornby, A. S. 2005. Oxford Advanced Learner's dictionary. London: Oxfords University Press.

Thomson, A.J and A.V Martinet. 1986. Practical English Grammar. London: Oxford University Press.

Seriasih, Ni Ketut. 2009. Derivational Suffixes Forming Adjectives in the Novel Venom by Clin Falconer (thesis). Denpasar: Udayana University.

Suyastini, Ari. 2007. English Adjective in the Short Story of the Colonel's Lady by W. Somerset Maugham (thesis). Denpasar: Udayana University.

Wiartha, I Made. 2005. A Syntactic Analysis of English Adjective used in Cynthia Victor's Novel entitled What Matters Most (thesis). Denpasar : Udayana University.

Rowling, J.K. 2001. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.