THE MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESS OF NOUN FOUND IN THE NOW BALI MAGAZINE
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THE MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESS OF NOUN FOUND IN THE NOW BALI
MAGAZINE
BY
NI LUH PUTU KUSUMASARI DEWI
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF LETTERS
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
2013
ABSTRAK
Jurnal ini berjudul “The Morphological Process of Noun Found in the NOW BALI Magazine”.Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa jenis-jenis proses morfologi yang terjadi pada kata benda, juga kelas-kelas kata yang dapat berubah menjadi kata benda yang ditemukan dalam majalah pariwisata berjudul Now Bali. Teori yang digunakan dalam jurnal ini adalah teori morfologi yang dikemukakan oleh Katamba (1993) dan Bauer (1984).Teori pendukung lainnya juga diambil dari buku karya Frank (1072)dan Quirk (1973).Dalam menganalisis jurnal, metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Pembahasan data di awali dengan membaca, member tanda dan mencatat kata-kata benda yang ditemukan. Hasil dari pembahasan menunjukan bahwa ada dua jenis proses morfologi yaitu proses derivasi dan infleksi. Kelas-kelas kata yang dapat di modifikasi oleh kedua jenis proses morfologi tersebut adalah kata kerja, sifat dan kata benda itu sendiri.
Kata kunci: morfologi, derivasi, infleksi.
In studying morphological process, it is very important to understand how words are comprised of morphemes because addingof one morphemeto a word can change the class of the word. For instance, the word possibility is made up of a root morpheme possible and suffix–ity. Possible belongs to adjective word class and it is added by morpheme –ity. It will produce a noun which has the meaning of a chance that something may happen or be true.
Morphological process can occur in word classes of noun, verb, adjective and adverb. This study is focused on the analysis of types of morphological process that occur
in noun as well as which word classes that can be changed into noun through morphological process. The reason why the writer was interested in choosing this topic is that it is important to know that morphological process occurs in noun formation.
Based on the background above, the problems of the study are:
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1) What types of morphological process occurs to noun in the magazine entitled Now Bali?
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2) What bases of noun are found in the magazine entitled Now Bali?
Related to the problems of the study, the general aim of this study is to analyzetypes of morphological process that occurs to noun in the magazine entitled Now Bali. This study is also used toidentify which word classescan be changed into noun through morphological process.
Research method is known as a procedure taken for determining the data and presenting the analysis of the data in scientific writing.The research method in this study is classified into three, they are; data source, method and technique of collecting data, and the last one is method and technique of analyzing data.The research method used in this study was qualitative research. Qualitative research was used because the data source of this study is non-numerical data.
The data of this study were taken from ten articles in the Now Bali magazine (March 2012). The other data related to the central studywere browsed from the internet. The reason inchoosing the data as data source,is that the writer wants to find the morphological process of noun that occur in the Now Bali magazine as a tourism magazine.
Qualitative method was used in this research because all of the data are in the forms of words and sentences not numbers.The data weretaken from the written source containing constructions that are related to the topic of this study. The data of this research were collected in several steps. First, the magazine was read carefully. After that,nouns were underlined and also taken a note, to remember what points wereimportant. During taking a note, the sentence and the page were written completely. So in the following day the data could be found easily.
The technique of analyzing dataapplied in this study was qualitative and descriptive method. Some steps were taken when data were analysed. First, the morphological process of noun were categorizedbased on its types and function. Second, the data were identified and classified based on its type and its function. After all those steps above are well done, finally the analysis could be started.
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5. Analysis of the Morphological Process of Noun Found in the Now Bali Magazine 5.1 Derivational Morpheme
Katamba (1993:47) states that derivational morphemes change the meaning of the base to which they are attached or in other words change the word class to which the base belongs and derivational morphemes can change the meanings of an existing word.
There are some kinds of suffixes that can form nouns from verbs namely de-verbal noun. The suffixes from verb to noun, are: -ation, -al, -er/or, -ment, -ure, -ant, -ee, -ion, -y, -age, and –ence/ance. The analysis of morphological process to change verbs into nouns is presented below:
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a. BumiSehat is a non-profit, village based organization (P:18, L:7)
The word organization comes from the root organize and bound morpheme –ation.The
word organize belongs to verb class. The addition of suffix –ationto the word organize produce a new word organization. This suffix changes the class of word from verb into noun class. It also changes the meaning, the word organize means “to make arrangements for something to happen” and the word organization means “the way in which something is done or arranged”.
There are also some kinds of suffixes that can form nouns from adjectives namely de-adjectival noun. Suffixes from adjective into noun, are: -ness,-cy, -ity, -dom, and -th.The analysis of morphological process to change adjectives into nouns is presented below: a. The opportunity to create your own salads and sandwiches (P:20, L:3)
The combination of root opportune and suffix –ity gain a new lexeme opportunity. Opportune belongs to adjective class. Suffix –ityis attached to the end of the root. It makes the changes of the grammatical category and meaning of the root. Opportunity belongs to noun. Based on the text opportunity means “an occasion or situation which makes it possible to do something that you want to do or have to do, or the possibility of doing something”.
There are also some kinds of suffixes that can form nouns from noun itself. Suffixes from nouninto noun, are: -ship,-ocracy, -er, -ing, and–ist, -ess, -an, -ette, -eer, -(e)ry. The analysis of morphological process from noun into noun is presented below:
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a. reported ABC Australia Radio’s travel journalist, RebecaBoteler (P:16, L:21)
The word journalist comes from root journal and suffix –ist. The combination of root journal and suffix –ist gain the output word journalist which word class is noun. The base of this word, journal, also belongs to noun which has meaning “a serious magazine or newspaper which is published regularly, usually about a specialist subject”. The addition of suffix -ist to the end of the base does not change of the word class of the base. This suffix simply changes the meaning of the base. The meaning of journalist based on the example
above is “a person who writes news stories or articles for a newspaper or magazine or broadcasts them on radio or television”.
There are some kinds of prefixes that can form nouns from nouns. Suffixes forms noun into noun, are: arch-, step-, pro- and maxi-. The analysis of morphological process to change noun into nouncan be shown as follows:
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a. The resort’s guest rooms and suites demonstrate a perfect union of up-market amenities
set in traditional Balinese architecture. (P:26, L:12)
The word architecture belongs to noun class because the addition of prefix arch- to perform nouns. The meaning of architecture above is “the art and science of designing and making buildings”.
According to Katamba (1991) in his book Modern Linguistic Morphology, the inflectional morphemes do not change inferential or cognitive meaning. The inflectional morphemes can only modify the form of a word so that it can fit into a particular syntactic slot.
The example can be shown as below:
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a. When it comes to rainy days, Azurbali Waterproof Dry Bags are what you need to keep your gear away from the spray. (P:70, L:2).
The first underlined word above is derived from the stem day and suffix –s. the suffix – s is attached to the stem and changes the function of stem. Day belongs to singular noun and days belong to plural noun. This suffix does not change the word class of the stem. The word days in this context means “periods of 24 hours, especially from 12 o'clock one night to 12 o'clock the next night”. As well as the first underlined word, the second is derived from stem bag and suffix –s. Based on context above the meaning of bags is “soft containers made out of paper or thin plastic, or a stronger container made of leather, plastic or other material, usually with a handle, in which you carry personal things or clothes or
other things that you need for travelling”.
Based on the analysis in previous chapter about morphological process of English noun, the conclusion can be drawn as follows:
Types of morphological process occur to nouns are divided into two; they are derivational and inflectional process. In the morphological process which happens to English noun, there are some word classes which can be modified by either derivational or inflectional affixes to form the output grammatical category of noun; they are from noun into noun class, verb to noun class and adjective into noun class.
There are a lot of derivational processes foundsuch as suffixes: –ation,–al,–er/-or,– ment,–ure,–ant,-ee,–ion,-y,-ence/-ance.These suffixes modify nouns which are derived from verb, namely de-verbal noun. Suffixes that are modified noun which are derived from adjectives are: –ness,–cy,–ity,–thand suffixes from nouninto noun, are: -ship,-ocracy, -er, -ing, and–ist, -ess, -an, -ette, -eer, -(e)ry.Unlike derivational morphemes, the function of inflectional morpheme only modifies the base of word to create plural nouns (suffix –s/-es) and possessive nouns (suffix ‘s).
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