ADVERB OF DEGREE ANALYSIS IN “REAL LIFE READS” PAGES OF COSMOPOLITAN MAGAZINE
on
1
ADVERB OF DEGREE ANALYSIS IN “REAL LIFE READS” PAGES OF COSMOPOLITAN MAGAZINE
By
I GUSTI AGUNG DIAN WULANDARI
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini membahas tentang bentuk, fungsi dan posisi dari adverbia tingkatan yang ada pada media cetak berbahasa Inggris. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini adalah artikel yang berjudul kehidupan nyata di majalah Cosmopolitan. Data ini dikumpulkan dengan beberapa tahap dan dianalisa secara rinci menggunakan kajian teori dari Huddleston (1984) dalam buku yang berjudul Introduction to the Grammar of English, Quirk et al (1973) dalam buku yang berjudul A University Grammar of English dan Alter (1993) dalam buku yang berjudul Essential English Usage and Grammar 5.
Analisa dalam skripsi ini ditemukan bahwa adverbia tingkatan memiliki beberapa perbedaan dalam hal bentuk, fungsi, dan posisi. Mengenai bentuk, ada kata adverbia tingkatan memiliki bentuk murni seperti very, too, only, quite, almost, enough, dll. Sebagian besar adverbia tingkatan dibentuk dengan menambahkan akhiran -ly dari kata sifat melalui proses sufiksasi. Contohnya: kata sifat complete + akhiran (-ly) menjadi completely, kata sifat extreme + akhiran (-ly) menjadi extremely, kata sifat near + akhiran (-ly) menjadi nearly, dll. Mengenai fungsi, adverbia tingkatan memiliki fungsi sebagai pengubah kata sifat, pengubah kata keterangan, pengubah frase preposisi, pengubah kata penentu, angka kardinal dan frase nomina. Mengenai posisi, adverbia tingkatan dapat terjadi pada semua posisi dalam kalimat, yaitu: kalimat awal, kalimat tengah, dan kalimat akhir.
Kata kunci: adverbia tingkatan, fungsi, majalah
English language is an international language used all over the world as a means of communication. It plays an important role for the people all over the world for political and commercial purposes and event tourism matters. And the important thing of which learning English is Grammar. Grammar is the study of
words and their functions; one of its aspects in learning grammar is adverbs. Adverb is one of the major classes of words in English that influences the expression of English grammatically. It is commonly used by the speaker in communication.
This study focuses on adverb of degree. Adverbs of Degree vary in terms of their morphology, functions and positions. The functions of adverbs of degree in sentences are also important to be described and observed in which their functions are as adjective modifier, as adverb modifier, as prepositional phrase modifier, as determiner modifier and as noun phrase modifier. Besides, the positions of adverbs of degree still affect their functions as well; different position may cause different function. Therefore, it is important to know and observe the forms, functions, and positions of adverbs of degree in order to be able to use them correctly in communication. In addition, through this study the readers will enrich vocabulary and also gives better understanding to them about English adverbs especially adverbs of degree.
-
a. What are the forms of adverbs of degree in sentences that occur in “Real Life Reads” pages of Cosmopolitan Magazine?
-
b. What are the functions of adverbs of degree in sentences that occur in “Real Life Reads” pages of Cosmopolitan Magazine?
-
c. Where are the positions of adverbs of degree in sentences in “Real Life Reads” pages of Cosmopolitan Magazine?
-
a. To identify the forms of adverbs of degree in sentences that occur in “Real Life Reads” pages of Cosmopolitan Magazine.
-
b. To analyze the functions of adverbs of degree in sentences that occur in “Real Life Reads” pages of Cosmopolitan Magazine.
-
c. To describe the positions of adverbs of degree in sentences that occur in “Real Life Reads” of Cosmopolitan Magazine.
Methodology is the ways or the steps that have to be taken in writing a scientific research. It has a very important role in determining the success and validity of the research. In this study, the resarch method can be described as follows:
The data of this study were taken from “Cosmopolitan” Magazine as primary data which is issued every year. The pages that were selected named “Real Life Reads” pages of edition volume 239/No.2 August 2005, Volume 243/No.3 September 2007, Volume 244/No.1 January 2008. Cosmopolitan Magazine was chosen because it provided the data of the study involving forms, functions, and positions of adverb of degree.
The data of this study were collected through documentation method. There are some steps that wre followed in the collecting the data. Firstly, the data was read thoroughly and note taking was made. Secondly, the members of adverbs of degree were identified and classified based on their forms, functions, and positions. Finally, the relevant data were quoted to be analyzed while the irrelevant ones were eliminated.
Method and Technique of analyzing data mean how we were constructed all the data to find out the solutions for the problems. The collected data was qualitatively analyzed using descriptive method based on the appropriate theories applied in this study. The data were analyzed based on their forms, functions, and positions.
-
5) The Analysis of Adverb of Degree Used in “Real Life Reads” pages of Cosmopolitan Magazine
Adverb of degree can be formed by two ways. They are derivational form (adverbs which are formed by suffixation process) and non-derivational form (adverbs which are in the form of single word).
-
1 . Ken isn’t completely off my mind.
-
2....that makes prosecution nearly impossible.
This kind of adverb (1) and (2) is derivational form or derived from adjective. In this case, there is suffixation process from adjective into adverb. In suffixation process, adverb is formed by: complete + (-ly) suffix becoming completely and near + (ly) suffix becomes nearly.
-
1. I felt so blissful with him.
-
2. I was pretty sure.
Sentences (1) and (2) consist of one kind of adverb so and pretty. This adverb belongs to pure form class or non-derivational form because its adverb cannot be formed again.
The function of adverb of degree is as a modifier, that is, a sentence element used to modify the adjective, adverb, prepositional phrase, determiner, and noun phrase.
-
1. Sure enough, he remembered her and greeted her with a double Scotch on the rocks and introduced her to some of the regulars.
-
2. He seemed excited when he arrived at my apartment, which made really happy.
The function of adverb enough in sentence (1) as post-modifier of the adjective sure. And really in sentence (2) as pre-modifier of adjective happy.
-
1 . And had just recently moved to a small city in Washington state,...
-
2....that alcohol abuse can so easily expose woman...
The function of adverb just and so in sentences (1) and (2) as premodifier of the other adverb and as intensifier.
-
1. She did not hit him again until just before sunset.
-
2. He came right in the months of sudden bad weather.
The adverb just and right in sentences (1) and (2) have a function to pre modify the prepositional phrases before sunset and in the months of sudden bad weather.
-
1. I’m almost 16 years old, and I still play with dolls!
-
2. There was hardly any water in some parts of it.
In the sentence above, the adverb almost has a function to premodify cardinal numeral 16. And the adverb hardly ha s a function to premodify determiner any.
-
1. He had plowed up quite a piece of ground.
-
2. She had quite a party.
The function of adverb quite in sentences (1) and (2) as premodifier of noun phrase a piece of ground and a party.
Adverb of degree can occur in different positions in a sentence. There are three positions for them: Initial or Front position, Medial or Middle position, and Final or End position.
-
1. Pretty quickly, Nancy passed out in the back of the taxi and remembered nothing about the ride...
-
2. Too tired to walk any longer,...
The adverb of degree in examples (1) and (2) occur in initial or front position. The adverb pretty in this sentence appears before the subject of the sentence and the adverb too in this sentence initiates the presence of the sentence.
-
1. She was obviously drunk,...
-
2. It was just a temporary.
The position of adverb obviously and just in examples (1) and (2) is in the middle of sentence. This adverb occurs after the finite be (was) and it belongs to post-finite position.
-
1. I don’t think so.
-
2. I couldn’t get enough air into my lungs.
In sentences (1) and (2), the adverbs of degree so and enough occur in the end position, in which they are placed following the verbs think and get at the end of sentence.
After discussing and analyzing the data from the data source in the previous chapter, there are some significant points that can be concluded from the analysis on the adverbs of degree in “Real Life Read” pages of Cosmopolitan Magazine.
Most of adverbs of degree are formed by adding-ly suffix from adjectives or they have the suffixation process. In grammar adverbs of degree have two forms, they are: derivational form and non-derivational form or pure form. Based on their function, adverbs of degree in the sentences are used to modify Adjective, Adverb, Prepositional Phrase, Noun phrase, Determiner and cardinal number. As far as the position is concerned, adverbs of degree can appear in all positions in the sentence: sentence initial, sentence medial, and sentence final.
Alter, J.B. 1993. Essential English Usage and Grammar 5. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara.
Althucer, James. 2005. Articles: Real Life Reads “Cosmopolitan, Magazine. In: White, Kate., editors. Vol.239, No.2. 136-145.
Huddleston, Rodney. 1984. Introduction to the Grammar of English. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
Quirk, et al. 1973. A University Grammar of English. London: Longman Group Limited.
Discussion and feedback