THE STRUCTURE OF THE COMPLEX NOUN PHRASE IN THE NOVEL “EDENSOR”
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THE STRUCTURE OF THE COMPLEX NOUN PHRASE IN THE NOVEL “EDENSOR” by
MADE ANGGA SWARI P. PRANA
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS, UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
Abstrak
Makalah ini menganalisa dan membahas komponen-komponen dari kompleks frase nomina yang dapat ditemukan di novel yang berjudul Edensor. Novel ini dipilih karena ada banyak terdapat frase nomina. Selain itu, novelis juga telah menulis sebuah novel yang berjudul “Laskar Pelangi”. Melalui serangkaian tahapan analisis, dapat ditemukan bahwa kompleks frase nomina terdiri dari 3 komponen; the head, the pre-modification, dan the post modification. Dan tipe-tipe dari kompleks frase nomina adalah pre-modification, post-modification, dan multiple modification. Untuk mengetahui data, sumber data dibaca secara hati-hati, kemudian digarisbawahi dan dicatat. Data dianalisa secara deskriptif kualitatif, dengan maksud data dianalisa berkaitan denga masalah yang didasarkan pada teori.
Kata kunci: frase nomina, compleks frase nomina, bahasa
A phrase might consist of a head one modifier or a head and more than one modifier. There are nine different types of phrases in English. There are noun phrase, prepositional phrase, adjective phrase, adverb phrase, verb phrase, infinitive phrase, gerund phrase, participle phrase, absolute phrase. A noun phrase is a phrase that has a noun as its head. In addition, modifiers are the words that modify the head noun. There are two types of modification as stated by Quirk (1985:376). First, restrictive modification, if the head can be viewed as a member of a class which can be linguistically identified only through the modification that has been supplied. Second, non-restrictive modification, if the head viewed as unique or a member of class that has been independently identified, any modification given such a head is additional information which is not essential for identifying the head can be called non-restrictive modification.
Based on the description above, there are two problems that were analyzed:
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1. What components of complex noun phrase are found in Edensor novel?
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2. What forms of pre-modification are found in complex noun phrase in Edensor novel?
For this research, it has several aims:
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1. To know the components of complex noun phrase that can be found in the novel “Edensor”
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2. To know the forms of pre-modification are found in complex noun phrase in the novel “Edensor”
The data of this study were taken from the novel written by Andrea Hirata entitled “Edensor”. This is chosen as a data source because there are a lot of noun phrases in this novel. Besides, the novelist has also written a novel titled The Rainbow Troops (known in Indonesia as Laskar Pelangi). The data of the complex noun phrase from data source was analyzed descriptively qualitatively.
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5. Result and Discussion
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5.1 Types of English Noun Phrase Structure in the novel “Edensor”
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5.1.1 Pre-modification Noun Phrase
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It means that the head noun is modified by various pre-modification, adjective, participle, noun, genitive or adverb and placed before the head other than determinatives.
Example:
I was too young for such a severe punishment.
(Edensor Novel, Mosaic 4, page 26)
From the data above, the components of complex noun phrase a severe punishment can be described as follows:
a severe punishment
T I I
Determiner Pre-modification (adjective) Head Noun
This complex noun phrase “a severe punishment” can be included into premodification noun phrase because the modification occurs before the head noun “punishment”. The adjective “severe” modified the head noun and completed with “a” as determiner.
The use of article “a” as determiner in this complex noun phrase is to express the reference. The modification that occurs is suitable with the function of adjective that explains the head noun.
It means that the head noun is modified by many kinds of post-modification and positioned after the head noun.
Example:
In situation like this, my father would often hoist me up on the backseat of his Forever bicycle.
(Edensor Novel, Mosaic 2, page 21)
From the data above, the components of complex noun phrase the backseat of his Forever bicycle can described down follows:
the backseat of his Forever bicycle
I I I
Determiner Head Noun Post-modification
The post-modification above is a post-modification by prepositional phrase signed by the preposition of after the head noun. The post-modification is achieved using restrictive finite clause. This head noun is pre-modified by the. In addition, it is post-modified by the prepositional phrase of his Forever bicycle. It is a simple matter to determine if this complex structure is functioning as a complete noun phrase.
This type includes the noun phrase having more than a single pre-
modification or post-modification. This type usually consists of the head noun, the determiner, the pre-modification and the post-modification. The modification could be more than one as well as the post-modification.
Example:
A strange sort of happiness came over me, a happiness that would materialize magically with the arrival of Ramadan.
(Edensor Novel, Mosaic 5, page 30)
From the data above, the components of complex noun phrase can be describe as follows:
a
T
D
strange
Pre-modification
sort of happiness came over me
Head Noun Post-modification
The complex noun phrase is formed by adjective “strange” as the premodification and prepositional phrase as the post-modification. The prepositional phrase that signed by using “of”.
The complex noun phrase consists of some components; the determiner (using articles an, a, the), the head, the pre-modification and the post-modification. The types of complex noun phrase are divided into three categories depending on the components used in forming the complex noun phrase. The types of complex noun phrases are pre-modification non phrase, post-modification noun phrase, and multiple-modification noun phrase.
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Hirata, Andrea. 2011. Edensor. Bentang Pustaka: Yogyakarta
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