JURNAL ILMIAH MERPATI VOL. 9, NO. 2 AUGUST 2021

p-ISSN: 2252-3006

e-ISSN: 2685-2411

Improvement of MSME Sales and Capital Management through a Website-Based Marketplace System

I Putu Sura Sanjayaa1, Oka Sudanaa2, I Putu Arya Dharmaadia3 aInformation Technology Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University Bukit Jimbaran, Bali, Indonesia, phone. (0361) 701806

e-mail: 1[email protected], 2[email protected], 3[email protected]

Abstrak

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki potensi yang cukup baik untuk mengatasi kemiskanan, karena memiliki kontribusi penyerapan sebesar 99,45 persen. UMKM dapat dikembangkan dengan pemanfaatan marketplace, namun marketplace yang ada saat ini belum mampu mengatasi permasalah yang dihadapi oleh UMKM. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi oleh pelaku UMKM adalah kesulitan dalam akses permodalan. Permodalan UMKM pada umumnya diperoleh dari pihak bank, namun pelaku UMKM dibebani oleh diperlukannya agunan untuk mengajukan pinjaman. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka dibangun sebuah sistem informasi marketplace produk UMKM dengan fitur peer-to-peer lending yang dapat membantu pelaku UMKM melakukan pemasaran produk sekaligus pengajuan pinjaman dengan syarat yang mudah serta tanpa adanya agunan. Pengujian sistem dengan metode black box menunjukan bahwa seluruh fitur berfungsi dengan baik dan sesuai dengan fungsionalitas yang diharapkan. Pengujian dengan metode acceptance testing pada pelaku UMKM memperoleh rata-rata skor sebesar 89,25%, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem dapat diterima dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pelaku UMKM di Kabupaten Gianyar.

Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi, Marketplace, Website, UMKM, Peer-to-Peer Lending

Abstract

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a good enough potential to overcome poverty, because they have an absorption contribution of 99.45 percent. MSMEs can be developed by utilizing e-marketplaces, but the existing marketplaces have not been able to solve the problems faced by MSMEs. One of the problems faced by MSME actors is difficulty in accessing capital. In general, MSME capital is obtained from the bank, but MSME actors are burdened by the need for collateral to apply for loans. Based on these problems, a marketplace information system for MSME products was built with peer-to-peer lending features that can help MSMEs do product marketing as well as apply for loans on easy terms and without any collateral. Testing the system with the black box method shows that all features are functioning properly and in accordance with the expected functionality.Testing with the acceptance testing method for MSME actors obtained an average score of 89.25%, so it can be concluded that the system is acceptable and in accordance with the needs of MSME players in Gianyar Regency.

Keywords : Information Systems, Marketplace, Website, UMKM, Peer-to-Peer Lending

  • 1.      Introduction

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are productive community businesses with individual ownership status or business entities that have been regulated in accordance with Law no. 20 of 2008. The large potential of MSMEs can be seen from the contribution of employment of 99.45 percent [1]. Improving the quality and development of MSMEs will be able to absorb labor, so as to reduce the unemployment rate. Reduced unemployment indicates an increase in the welfare of a country, so it can be concluded that it reduces the poverty level of that country [2]. One of the regions in Indonesia that has a fairly large number of MSMEs is Bali Province, this can be seen from the growth in Gross Regional Domestic Income (PDRB). According to data from the Bali Provincial Office of Cooperatives and SMEs, the contribution of MSMEs in the formation of PDRB and employment is 54.22% [3]. MSMEs in Indonesia can be divided into two sectors, namely the formal and informal UMKM sectors. The difference between the two sectors lies in the completeness of administration and the formal requirements that apply in the Republic of Indonesia [4].

Gianyar Regency is a district that has the largest number of informal MSMEs in Bali Province. The large potential of MSMEs encourages the government to empower the management and marketing of MSMEs with various internet-based business programs, one of which is the use of e-marketplaces. Using the e-marketplace will make it easier for MSME players to market their products and make it easier for consumers to purchase products [5]. Currently, there are many e-marketplaces that can be used by MSME players to do online marketing, however The e-marketplace has not been able to solve the problems faced by MSME players. One of the problems faced by MSME actors is lack of access to capital [6]. Emarketplaces generally only provide credit services to customers who want to buy products from a store. Banks generally provide access to capital, however, banks tend to be careful. Banks tend to be cautious due to several factors such as administrative completeness, marketing and production capabilities, and collateral is required to apply for a loan [7].

Problems faced by MSME players can be overcome by implementing an e-marketplace information system with a peer-to-peer lending feature. Peer-to-peer lending is a service that can bring together creditors and debtors, in which in this study, MSME entities can become debtors and customer entities can become creditors [8]. E-marketplaces with peer-to-peer lending features can help MSME players apply for loans because MSMEs can apply for loans only by verifying the applicant's NPWP, SIUP, KTP files, and without collateral. The emarketplace information system with the peer-to-peer lending feature can make it easier for MSME players, because online product marketing and access to capital can be accessed in one information system [9]–[11].

  • 2.    Research Method

The marketplace for MSME products with the peer-to-peer lending feature is the application of a marketplace information system consisting of many MSME actors and many customer entities. The peer-to-peer lending feature is a service that can bring together creditors and debtors [8]. The research flow of the design and development of the MSME product marketplace system with peer-to-peer lending features includes needs analysis, system workflow design, database and interface design, and system implementation and testing.

  • 2.1    Overview of Peer-to-Peer Lending Features

The marketplace information system for MSME products with peer-to-peer lending features is a marketplace information system that consists of many MSME actors and many customers. In addition to providing buying and selling services for MSME products, the marketplace information system for MSME products also provides peer-to-peer lending services. Peer-to-peer lending service is a service that can bring together creditors and debtors. MSME actors can act as debtors and customer entities can act as creditors. MSME players can apply for loans with easy terms and without collateral.

Figure 1. Peer-to-Peer Lending Features Overview

Figure 1 shows an overview of the peer-to-peer lending features that exist in the MSME product marketplace information system. The peer-to-peer lending feature on the e-marketplace of MSME products can make it easier for MSME players to apply for loans on easy terms and without any collateral. Lending and installment payments have been integrated with epayments, so that they can cover one of the user's needs, namely the security aspect [12]. The e-marketplace of MSME products with peer-to-peer lending features can help MSME players carry out company development, because product marketing and access to capital can be accessed through one information system.

  • 2.2    Use Case Customer Actor

Figure 2. Use Case Customer Actor

Figure 2 shows the use case of customer actors in information systems e-marketplace for UMKM products. Features that can be accessed by customer actors are product data, providing loans for MSME actor, ordering products, transaction reports, selecting payment methods, and confirming order acceptance. Customer actors can access features to view product data without having to log in first.

  • 2.3   Use Case MSME Actor

Figure 3. Use Case MSME Actor

Figure 3 shows the use case of MSME actors from the e-marketplace information system for UMKM products.MSME actors can access dashboard features, customer order management, order delivery confirmation, product management, and loan applications. All features can only be accessed if the MSME player has previously performed the login process. The loan management feature can only be accessed by MSME players who have verified the UMKM file.

  • 3.    Literature Review

    3.1    Information Systems

The information system is an activity of organized procedures, and when executed it will provide relevant information to information system users at various levels of the organization [13]. Information systems have benefits at various levels of the organization, one of which is to manage data so that it remains available and data management can be done more easily, quickly, and transparently [14].

  • 3.2    E-marketplace

The development of information technology indirectly forms a market called an emarketplace. It is felt that the e-marketplace commerce system can be used as a medium for promotion, communication, and can cut the distribution chain because products can be marketed directly to the final consumer without intermediaries [15]. E-marketplaces can be divided into three stages, namely commodity exchanges, value added services, and knowledge networks [16]. There is a fundamental difference between e-marketplace and e-commerce, namely e-commerce has only one vendor, whereas e-marketplace consists of many vendors [17].

  • 3.3    Website

A website is a collection of web pages published to the internet, and has a domain address or URL that can be accessed by internet users [18]. The advantage of a website compared to other platforms is that website-based applications can be accessed without installing [19]. Website services are facilities provided by website websites to provide services in the form of information to other systems, so that the system communicates with services [20].

  • 3.4    Peer-to-Peer Lending

Peer-to-peer lending is a platform that can bring together creditors and debtors directly, and to make loans without the debtor's assets being held. Peer-to-peer lending consists of three stakeholders who have their respective processes, namely the debtor, creditor, and operator. Debtors can register in the peer-to-peer lending system then debtors can apply for loans. The peer-to-peer lending operator will conduct a creditworthiness analysis of the loan submitted by the debtor before being displayed to the creditor. The lending process can be carried out by the creditor after carrying out the registration process, after registering, the creditor can see the debtor's profile and decide who to give a loan to [8], [21].

  • 3.5    Standart Operation Procedure (SOP)

Figure 4. Product Request SOP

  • Figure 4    is a product demand SOP that shows the flow of product demand from customers to MSME players. Customers can choose a product then the customer order will be displayed to the MSME actors

Figure 5. Loan Application SOP

  • Figure 5    is an SOP for loan applications that shows the flow of loan applications made by MSME actors. Applications for loans are made by MSME actors using peer-to-peer lending

services in the system. UMKM players can only apply for loans if the status of the UMKM has been verified and do not have arrears in installments

Figure 6. Lending SOP

  • Figure 6    is a loan application SOP that shows the flow of the loan process carried out by customer entities to MSME players. Customers can provide loans to several MSME players then get monthly installment payments from MSME players.

  • 4.    Result and Discussion

Results and discussion present the results of designing an information system for emarketplace for MSME products with peer-to-peer lending features. The results and discussion of this study are as follows.

  • 4.1    Context Diagram and Level 0 DFD

Figure 7. Context Diagram Design

Figure 7 is a context diagram of the e-marketplace information system for MSME products, which consists of three entities, namely admin entities, MSME players, and

customers. The three entities have a relationship with each other and boil down to the system. Context diagram shows the relationship between the entities involved in the system where the system is described in general terms [22].

Figure 8. DFD Level 0

Figure 8 is DFD Level 0 of the MSME product e-marketplace information system which describes the overall system. DFD can be explained as a data logic model that describes the origin of the data and the purpose of the data released by the system [23]. There are ten processes in the information system, namely registration, verification, loan data management, product data management, transaction processing, assessment, reports, and loan transaction processes.

  • 4.2    Implementation

The e-marketplace information system for MSME products with peer-to-peer lending features consists of three entities, namely customer entities, MSME players, and administrator entities. The results of the implementation of the e-marketplace information system for MSME products with peer-to-peer lending features are as follows.

Figure 9. Shopping Cart Page

Figure 9 is a shopping cart page that is used to display products that have been selected by Shopping customers. Customers are required to fill in the form provided such as the courier chosen for order delivery, besides that the customer's personal data has been filled automatically according to the customer's profile.

Figure 10. Loan Application Page

Figure 10 is a loan application page for MSME players registered in the system. Submitting for loans is part of the peer-to-peer lending feature, so that MSME actors can apply for loans without collateral and can be met with creditors.

Figure 11. Installment Invoice Page

Figure 11 is an invoice page for installment payments made by MSMEs every month. The installment payment invoice displays the installment details and the amount to be paid. The amount paid includes the amount of installment payments and late payment penalties if the payment is made past the predetermined due date.

Figure 12. Installment Payment Confirmation Page

Figure 12 is a confirmation page for installment payments for MSME players. Confirmation is made if the UMKM players will make monthly installment payments. Payment confirmation is made by selecting the payment method to be used, such as bank transfers, electronic wallets, and minimarket outlets.

  • 4.3    Black Box Testing

Black box testing is a method used to test a system with the aim of checking the suitability of system functions with the expected functions. This test focuses on incorrect functionality, erroneous data structures, and interface errors [25]. Black box testing is carried out on each entity in the system. The results of black box testing on the system are as in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1. Customer Entity Black Box Testing

No.

Functionality Testing

Expected Results

Conclusion

1

The UMKM entity logs in correctly (no field is empty and fills in the appropriate email and password)

Customers will be given login access and will be redirected to the main page of the customer entity

Success

2

Incorrectly added product (the number of product requests does not exceed the stock held)

The system will refuse to add a shopping cart and will display an alert that the number of product requests exceeds the stocks held by MSMEs

Success

3

Add products correctly (customer has logged in and the number of product requests does not exceed

The system will store product request data and will display products on the shopping cart page

Success

stock)

4

Incorrectly adding MSME loan data to the loan basket (loan data that has been entered into the active basket is added back)

The system will not store loan data and will display an alert that the process failed

Success

5

Adding loan data to the

The system will store loan data in the

Success

basket correctly (loan data

active loan basket and will display an

has not been entered into an

alert that you have successfully added

active basket and active loan status)

the basket

Tabel 2

. MSMEs Entity Black Box Testing

No.

Functionality Testing

Expected Results

Conclusion

1

The UMKM entity logs in

The system receives login access and

Success

correctly (no field is empty

the UMKM will be redirected to the

and fills in the email and password correctly)

UMKM dashboard page

2

Adding product data correctly

The system will store product data

Success

(product data is filled  in

and will be displayed on the MSME

correctly and there are no empty fields)

dashboard

3

Add loan data correctly

The system will store new loan data,

Success

(fields are filled in

then new loan data will be displayed

completely) then click the "Submit" button

on the MSME dashboard

4

Access the added loan

The system will reject UMKM and will

Success

feature but have not verified

display an alert that UMKM has not

the UMKM

verified and will be redirected to the verification file upload page

5

Confirming    delivery    of

The system will confirm the delivery of

Success

customer orders by inputting

the order to the customer, the order

the  receipt  number  then

status will be changed to "Already

clicking the "Submit" button

Sent”

  • 4.4    Quistionnare Analysis

The questionnaire is a data collection technique by submitting statements to be answered by respondents [26]. Testing was carried out on 10 MSME owners in the area around Gianyar Regency. The Likert scale is a scale used to calculate the results of the questionnaire from this study.

Table 3. Questionnaire Calculation Results

Variable

Testing Scenarios

Total Score

Percentage

Category

P1

The system works well and is easy to use

47

94%

SS

P2

Feel comfortable with the display system used

41

82%

S

P3

All features are complete and functioning properly

41

82%

S

P4

The system responds according to the data required

48

96%

SS

P5

The system helps MSMEs in product management

43

86%

SS

P6

The system helps MSMEs in online marketing

47

94%

SS

P7

The system helps MSMEs to apply for loans online

49

96%

SS

P8

The system makes it easy for MSMEs to make loan installment payments online

48

96%

SS

P9

The system makes it easier for MSME

46

92%

SS

players to manage orders

The system works well and is easy to                      90%           SS

use

Based on the results of the calculations in Table 3, where the test has an average value of 90% with the SS category or "Strongly Agree", so it can be said that the marketplace information system for MSME products is very acceptable and in accordance with the needs of MSME players. The system is highly accepted by MSME players, especially the peer-to-peer (P2P) lending feature, because the marketplace information system with the peer-to-peer lending feature can help MSME players market products online and help MSME players apply for loans online. MSME players can apply for loans online with easy conditions such as verifying the NPWP, SIUP, and KTP of the UMKM owner. The requirements are categorized as easy because most of the MSME actors in Gianyar Regency already have NPWP, SIUP, and KTP files. In addition, applying for loans is considered easier than banks because loan applications can be made without collateral or retained MSME assets.

  • 5.     Conclusion

This research succeeded in developing a marketplace information system for MSME products with peer-to-peer (P2P) lending features. There are several features that can be accessed by each entity. The entities associated with this system are customer entities, MSME actors, and administrators. The first system testing was carried out using the Black Box method, showing that all system functionality was functioning as expected. Testing with the questionnaire method involved 10 MSME actors and with 9 variables. Based on the 9 variables tested, the average result is 90% with the category "Strongly Agree". So it can be concluded that the designed system can be implemented well, especially for MSME players who want to do product marketing online and MSME players who want to apply for loans online without any conditions that burden MSME players.

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Improvement of MSME Sales and Capital Management through a Website-Based          107

Marketplace System (I Putu Sura Sanjaya)